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<blockquote data-quote="أم حذيفة" data-source="post: 93530" data-attributes="member: 1"><p><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: navy">الله -سبحانه وتعالى- يقول:</span> </span><span style="color: red">﴿يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِذَا قُمْتُمْ إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ فَاغْسِلُوا وُجُوهَكُمْ﴾</span><span style="color: #000000">[المائدة: 6]، <span style="color: navy">فقدَّم الله -عز وجل- الطهارة على الصلاة، ولأنها شرط في صحة الصلاة، فقُدِّم الشرط عليها، وأيضًا العلماء -رحمهم الله- يقولون: قاعدة: الكلام على الوسائل مُقدَّم على الكلام على المقاصد، والطهارة والوضوء هو وسيلة لأداء هذه الصلاة، فقُدِّمت هذه الطهارة.</span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 18px"></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 18px"></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 18px"></span><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-size: 18px"> <span style="color: red">الطهارة</span> : <span style="color: navy">هي صفة حكمية تتيح بموجبها لمن اتصف بها الصلاة وما يشترط له من الطهارة .</span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="color: navy">نقول: فلان طاهر ليس بناءً على علامات محددة ولكن هو صفة حكمية تقوم ببدن الإنسان تتيح لمن اتصف بها وتستوجب عليه أن يؤدي الصلاة وما تستوجب له الطهارة.</span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: green">باب أحكام المياه</span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"> <span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: green">قال -رحمه الله: خُلق الماء طهورًا</span> :<span style="color: navy">وهذا أصل بمعنى أن الأصل في المياه الطهارة وهذا الأمر دل عليه القرآن و دلت عليه سنة النبي -صلى الله عليه وسلم-، قال الله -عز وجل:</span> </span><span style="color: red">﴿وَأَنزَلْنَا مِنَ السَّمَاءِ مَاءً طَهُورًا﴾</span><span style="color: navy">[الفرقان: 48]</span><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: navy">، وقال -سبحانه وتعالى:</span> </span><span style="color: red">﴿وَينَزِّلُ عَلَيْكُم مِّنَ السَّمَاءِ مَاءً لِّيُطَهِّرَكُم بهِ﴾</span><span style="color: #000000">[</span><span style="color: navy">الأنفال: 11]</span><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: navy">، والنبي -صلى الله عليه وسلم- قال في الحديث:</span> </span><span style="color: green">«إن الماء طهور لا ينجسه شيء» .</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="color: navy">فالأصل في المياه الطهارة لهذه الأدلة التي دلت عليها في كتاب الله وفي سنة النبي -صلى الله عليه وسلم.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'">الفرق بين الفتح والضم : أن الطَّهور بالفتح اسم لما يتطهر به، لكنه بالضم يكون هو الفعل أ ي فعل الطهور .</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="color: darkgreen">قال -رحمه الله- : خُلق الماء طهورًا</span> <span style="color: navy">العلماء -رحمهم الله تعالى- يقولون: الماء على أقسام.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="color: navy"> الحنابلة -رحمهم الله- ومنهم المصنف يقولون:</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p> <span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="color: darkgreen">الماء على ثلاثة أقسام:</span> <span style="color: navy">طهور، وطاهر، ونجس.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"> <span style="color: red">الماء الطهور هو:</span> <span style="color: navy">الطاهر في نفسه المطهر لغيره مثل :مياه الآبار ونحو ذلك، فهذه طاهرة في نفسها، ومطهرة لغيرها.</span> </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="color: red">الماء الطاهر:</span> <span style="color: navy">هو الطاهر في نفسه لكنه لا يطهر غيره .</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="color: navy">مثال، : كأس به ماء هو ماء طهور فهو طاهر في نفسه وأيضًا يطهر غيره فبالإمكان</span> <span style="color: navy">لمسلم أن يتوضأ به وأن يغتسل منه .</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="color: navy"> لو وضعت احبر في هذا الماء واختلف لون الماء أو أتيت بشاي ووضعته في الماء أصبح اسمه شاي أو وضعت ماء الورد فهذا طاهر في نفسه لا يصح أن</span> <span style="color: navy">نتوضأ منه فهو غير مطهر للغير .</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="color: red">الماء النجس:</span> <span style="color: navy">هو الذي تغير أحد أوصافه بنجاسة .</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="color: navy"> وهذه الأوصاف هي: اللون، والطعم، والرائحة، فإذا تغير اللون والطعم والرائحة فهو نجس، فهو غير طاهر في نفسه، ولا يطهر غيره بالتحلية .</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span><span style="font-size: 18px"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p> <span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="color: navy">بعض العلماء ومنهم شيخ الإسلام ابن تيمية -رحمه الله- يرون أن الماء على قسمين فقط: الطهور، والنجس، ولا يعتبرون الطاهر، لماذا؟</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span><span style="font-size: 18px"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="color: navy">يقولون: لأنه خرج عن كونه اسم ماء واصبح مسمى اخر</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="color: navy">لكن المصنف -رحمه الله- صار في هذا الكتاب على هذا التصنيف وأدخل بعض من الأحكام في أحكام الطاهر الذي هو طاهر في نفسه غير مطهر لغيره.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: navy">قال:</span> <span style="color: red">خُلق الماء طهورًا يُطَهِّرُ من الأحداث والنَّجاسات</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span></span><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"> </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="color: navy"><span style="color: red">الأحداث</span> : جمع حدث، وهي صفة .</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="color: navy">وبعضهم يقول: معنى يقوم بالبدن يمنع من اتصف بها من الصلاة وما تشترط له الطهارة فالحدث أمر معنوي لا تراه يعني فلان انتقض وضوؤه لا يتبين، فهو أمر معنوي، فقالوا الحدث هو معنى يقوم بالحدث يمنع من الصلاة وما تشترط له الطهارة .</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="color: navy"> <span style="color: red">والحدث على نوعين:</span> إما أن يكون حدث أكبر وإما أن يكون أصغر .</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="color: navy"><span style="color: red">1 - الحدث الأكبر</span> كالحدث الذي يكون بسبب الجنابة أو الحيض أو النفاس أو نحوها، فهذه يشترط لها الغُسل .</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="color: navy"> <span style="color: red">2- الحدث الأصغر :</span> مثل انتقاض الوضوء بالريح ونحو ذلك أو بالنوم فهذا يلزمه الوضوء وهي الطهارة الصغرى .</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'">فالمؤلف -رحمه الله- يقول: الماء الطهور يطهر من الأحداث، فمن أراد أن يصلي أو أراد أن يغتسل فلابد له من ماء طهور،</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span></span><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"> </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="color: red">قال: والنَّجاسات : </span><span style="color: navy">النَّجاسات جمع نجاسة وهي كما يقول العلماء -رحمهم الله: عين مستقذرة شرعًا يمنع المصلي من الصلاة حال وجودها على جسده أو بدنه على جسده أو ثوبه أو مكان الصلاة.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="color: navy">فالأحداث والنَّجاسات لابد لها من ماء طهور حتى تطهر.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-size: 18px"> </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: navy">فلو وقعت نجاسة على الأرض فلا يطهرها إلا الماء و لو جاءت الريح وأزالت النَّجاسة وأثرها أو شخص بال في بقعة وأتت الشمس فأزالت أثر هذا البول .</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"> </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"> <span style="color: navy">فبناءً على كلام المصنف -رحمه الله- أنها لا تطهر لأن طهارة النَّجاسة يشترط لها الماء .</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="color: navy">لكن الصحيح من أقوال أهل العلم -رحمهم الله- هو أن النَّجاسة إذا طهرت بغير الماء فإنها مقبولة لأن المقصود هو الطهارة وقد حصلت بالماء أو حصلت بغيره <span style="color: red">وهذا رأي الإمام أبو حنيفة -رحمه الله- وهو اختيار شيخ الإسلام ابن تيمية -</span>رحمه الله تعالى رحمة واسعة.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"> </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-size: 18px">فلا تحصل الطهارة بمائع غيره : </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: red">هذا الكلام من المصنف -رحمه الله تعالى- أيضًا مبني على ما سبق يقول:</span> </span><span style="color: navy">الطهارة من الأحداث والطهارة من النَّجاسات لا تحصل بمائع غيره وهذا الكلام ذكرنا أن الطهارة من الأحداث لابد لها من الماء الطهور، لكن الطهارة من النَّجاسات إذا زالت عين النَّجاسة بالشمس أو بالريح أو نحو ذلك فإنها تطهر، وهنا قوله -رحمه الله- فلا تحصل الطهارة بمائع غيره، هنا خلاف للحنفية أنهم يقولون: أنه يجوز التطهير بنبيذ التمر، واستدلوا على هذا بحديث ضعيف، رده العلماء -رحمهم الله تعالى- فلا تحصل الطهارة إلا بالماء الطهور.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"> </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="color: navy"><span style="color: red">{</span><span style="color: red">فإذا بلغ الماء قلتين أو كان جاريًا لم ينجسه شيء}.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"> </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="color: darkgreen">هذه مسألة كبيرة، وهي من المسائل التي للعلماء -رحمهم الله تعالى- فيها كلام كثير وعظيم.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"> </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="color: navy"><span style="color: red">أول هذه المسائل: قوله فإذا بلغ الماء قلتين : </span> وقد جاء في الحديث عن النبي -صلى الله عليه وسلم- أنه قال: <span style="color: teal">«إذا كان الماء قلتين لم يحمل الخبث»</span>، وهذا حديث رواه ابن عمر -رضي الله عنهما- وقد تحدَّث الإمام ابن القيم -رحمه الله- عن هذا الحديث كلامًا كبيرًا والعلماء بين مصحح لهذا الحديث ومضعف وهذا الحديث رواه الخمسة، وصححه الشيخ الألباني -رحمه الله تعالى-، فهذا الحديث صحيح، والنبي -صلى الله عليه وسلم- في هذا الحديث قال: <span style="color: teal">«إذا بلغ الماء قلتين أو كان جاريًا لم ينجسه شيء».</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"> </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"> </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="color: navy">الماء إذا بلغ قلتين : القلتان قربها العلماء قالوا: هي ما يساوي خمس قرب من القرب الكبيرة، فالقلة قربتين ونصف، فخمس قرب هي قلتان، إذا بلغ الماء خمس قرب فهو قلتان فهو ماء كثير وبعض العلماء المعاصرين يقولوا: هو بالميزان الحالي هو مائة وثماني وخمسين لتر فيقول: إذا بلغ الماء مائة وثماني وخمسين لتر فيكون هذا قد بلغ القلتين.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"> </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="color: navy"><span style="color: red">المسألة على أقسام :</span> الماء إما أن يكون كثيرًا وإما أن يكون قليلاً .</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="color: navy"> إذا كان كثيرًا وهو الذي بلغ القلتين فأكثر قالوا: إذا خالطته النَّجاسة -وقعت فيه نجاسة- فلا ينجس إلا إذا تغير لونه أو طعمه أو ريحه عندنا ماء كثير، ووقعت فيه نجاسة فإن غيرت لونه أو طعمه أو ريحه فإنه يكون نجس، وإذا لم يتغير فيكون طاهر.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="color: #000000"> </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="color: #000000"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: navy">الماء القليل يقول: إذا وقعت فيه النَّجاسة لا ننظر إلى التغير بمجرد وقوع النَّجاسة يكون نجس .</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: navy"> الماء في المذهب يقول: إذا كان الماء كثيرًا إذا بلغ الماء قلتين وتغير لونه أو طعمه أو ريحه بالنَّجاسة التي وقعت فيه فيكون نجس وإذا لم يتغير فيكون طاهر، إذا كان الماء قليل فلا ينظرون إلى التغير فإنه يكون نجس بمجرد وقوع النَّجاسة وملاقاة النَّجاسة فيه.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="color: #000000"> </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="color: #000000"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: navy"><span style="color: red">العلماء الحنابلة وكذلك الشافعية يرون هذا الرأي</span> أن الماء إذا كان قليلاً ووقعت فيه النَّجاسة فإنه ينجس .</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: navy"><span style="color: red"> بخلاف القول الصحيح:</span> أن الماء الأصل فيه الطهارة فلا نحكم على الماء بأنه نجس إلا إذا تغير لونه أو طعمه أو ريحه حتى لو كان الماء قليل،لابد أن يتغير لونه أو طعمه أو ريحه بنجاسة حتى نحكم عليه بأنه نجس .</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="color: #000000"> </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="color: #000000"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: navy">الدليل أن الأصل في المياه الطهارة</span>، <span style="color: navy">وأيضًا النبي -صلى الله عليه وسلم- قال</span>: </span><span style="color: green">«إن الماء طهور لا ينجسه بشيء»</span><span style="color: #000000">.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="color: #000000"> </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="color: #000000"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: darkgreen">قال: أو كان جاريًا :</span> <span style="color: navy">يقول العلماء الماء إما أن يكون جاريًا وإما أن يكون راكدًا وإما أن يكون دائمًا .</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'">الماء الجاري هو ماء النهر الذي يجري، والراكد هو ماء البرك والمستنقعات .</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"> والدائم <span style="color: navy">هو الذي له منبع، هو دائم يقر مكانه لكن له منبع مثل البئر ونحو ذلك، .</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-size: 18px"> </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"> </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"> </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="color: navy"><span style="color: red">فالمصنف -رحمه الله تعالى- يقول: الماء الجاري وإن كان قليلاً فإنه لا ينجس إلا بالتغير :</span> وهذا هو الراجح لأن الأصل هو التغير سواء كان قلتين أو كان جاريًا أو نحو ذلك، فإذا لم يتغير فيُحكم له بالأصل وهو الطهارة وهذا اختيار شيخ الإسلام ابن تيمية -رحمه الله تعالى.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span><span style="color: #000080"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #000000"> </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000080"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #000000"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000080"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: navy">وهذا بخلاف من قاس الجاري على الدائم، النبي -صلى الله عليه وسلم- قال:</span> </span><span style="color: green">«لا يبولن أحدكم في الماء الدائم الذي لا يجري ثم يغتسل فيه»</span><span style="color: #000000">، <span style="color: navy">لأنه ينجس، النبي -صلى الله عليه وسلم- حينما قال:</span> </span><span style="color: green">«لا يبولن أحدكم في الماء الدائم الذي لا يجري ثم يغتسل فيه»</span><span style="color: #000000"> <span style="color: navy">قالوا لأنه إذا بال فإنه ينجس بمجرد ملاقاة النَّجاسة، والصحيح ليس هذا المقصود، المقصود أنه كيف للإنسان أن يبول في مكان ثم يغتسل فيه وهذا أُخذ به المفهوم.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000080"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000080"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000080"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #000000"> </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000080"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: navy">إذا الأصل أن المياه سواءً كان قلتين أو أقل أو أكثر أو كانت جارية أو كانت دائمة أو كانت راكدة لا تكون نجسة إلا بتغير أحد أوصافها الثلاثة التي ذكرها المصنف -رحمه الله تعالى- بقوله: إلا ما غير لونه، أو طعمه، أو ريحه.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000080"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #000000"> </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000080"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: navy">قال: وما سوى ذلك ينجس بمخالطة النَّجاسة، يعني إذا كان الماء أقل من قلتين، فإنه ينجس بمخالطة النَّجاسة، وهذا القول مرجوح، و الصحيح أن الماء يبقى على أصل خلقته وأنه طهور إلا إذا تغيرت إحدى أوصافه.</span> </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000080"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #000000"> </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000080"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #000000"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000080"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'">{والقلتان ما قارب مائة وثمانية أرطال بالدمشقي}.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000080"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #000000"> </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000080"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #000000"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000080"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'">طبعًا هذه قضية مهمة، قضية التحديد في الشريعة، العلماء -رحمهم الله- يحددون بالشيء الموجود في زمانهم، فكان في زمانهم أن القلتان ما يقارب مائة وثمانية أرطال بالدمشقي، وهي نوع من الأمور التي كانوا يكيلون بها.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000080"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #000000"> </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000080"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #000000"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000080"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #000000"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000080"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000080"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"> </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"> </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"> </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-size: 18px"> </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: darkgreen"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: navy"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"> </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="color: #000000"> </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="color: #000000"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-size: 18px"> </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-size: 18px"> </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"> </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #008000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-size: 18px"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 18px"> </span></p><p><span style="font-size: 18px"></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 18px"> </span></p><p><span style="font-size: 18px"></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 18px"></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 18px"></span><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"></span></span></span></p><p><span style="color: #000000"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #000000"> </span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 18px"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'"><span style="color: #000000"></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 18px"></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 18px"></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 18px"></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 18px"></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 18px"></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 18px"></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 18px"></span> <span style="font-family: 'traditional arabic'"><span 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[QUOTE="أم حذيفة, post: 93530, member: 1"] [size=5][font=traditional arabic][color=#000000][color=navy]الله -سبحانه وتعالى- يقول:[/color] [/color][color=red]﴿يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِذَا قُمْتُمْ إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ فَاغْسِلُوا وُجُوهَكُمْ﴾[/color][color=#000000][المائدة: 6]، [color=navy]فقدَّم الله -عز وجل- الطهارة على الصلاة، ولأنها شرط في صحة الصلاة، فقُدِّم الشرط عليها، وأيضًا العلماء -رحمهم الله- يقولون: قاعدة: الكلام على الوسائل مُقدَّم على الكلام على المقاصد، والطهارة والوضوء هو وسيلة لأداء هذه الصلاة، فقُدِّمت هذه الطهارة.[/color][/color][/font] [/size][font=traditional arabic][color=#000000] [size=5] [color=red]الطهارة[/color] : [color=navy]هي صفة حكمية تتيح بموجبها لمن اتصف بها الصلاة وما يشترط له من الطهارة .[/color] [color=navy]نقول: فلان طاهر ليس بناءً على علامات محددة ولكن هو صفة حكمية تقوم ببدن الإنسان تتيح لمن اتصف بها وتستوجب عليه أن يؤدي الصلاة وما تستوجب له الطهارة.[/color] [font=times new roman][font=traditional arabic][color=green]باب أحكام المياه[/color][/font][/font] [/size][font=times new roman][color=#008000][font=traditional arabic] [size=5] [color=#000000][color=green]قال -رحمه الله: خُلق الماء طهورًا[/color] :[color=navy]وهذا أصل بمعنى أن الأصل في المياه الطهارة وهذا الأمر دل عليه القرآن و دلت عليه سنة النبي -صلى الله عليه وسلم-، قال الله -عز وجل:[/color] [/color][color=red]﴿وَأَنزَلْنَا مِنَ السَّمَاءِ مَاءً طَهُورًا﴾[/color][color=navy][الفرقان: 48][/color][color=#000000][color=navy]، وقال -سبحانه وتعالى:[/color] [/color][color=red]﴿وَينَزِّلُ عَلَيْكُم مِّنَ السَّمَاءِ مَاءً لِّيُطَهِّرَكُم بهِ﴾[/color][color=#000000][[/color][color=navy]الأنفال: 11][/color][color=#000000][color=navy]، والنبي -صلى الله عليه وسلم- قال في الحديث:[/color] [/color][color=green]«إن الماء طهور لا ينجسه شيء» .[/color] [color=navy]فالأصل في المياه الطهارة لهذه الأدلة التي دلت عليها في كتاب الله وفي سنة النبي -صلى الله عليه وسلم.[/color] [color=navy][font=traditional arabic][font=traditional arabic][font=traditional arabic]الفرق بين الفتح والضم : أن الطَّهور بالفتح اسم لما يتطهر به، لكنه بالضم يكون هو الفعل أ ي فعل الطهور .[/font][/font][/font][/color] [/size][color=#000000][font=traditional arabic][font=traditional arabic][font=traditional arabic][size=5] [color=darkgreen]قال -رحمه الله- : خُلق الماء طهورًا[/color] [color=navy]العلماء -رحمهم الله تعالى- يقولون: الماء على أقسام.[/color] [color=navy] الحنابلة -رحمهم الله- ومنهم المصنف يقولون:[/color] [color=darkgreen]الماء على ثلاثة أقسام:[/color] [color=navy]طهور، وطاهر، ونجس.[/color] [color=red]الماء الطهور هو:[/color] [color=navy]الطاهر في نفسه المطهر لغيره مثل :مياه الآبار ونحو ذلك، فهذه طاهرة في نفسها، ومطهرة لغيرها.[/color] [color=red]الماء الطاهر:[/color] [color=navy]هو الطاهر في نفسه لكنه لا يطهر غيره .[/color] [color=navy]مثال، : كأس به ماء هو ماء طهور فهو طاهر في نفسه وأيضًا يطهر غيره فبالإمكان[/color] [color=navy]لمسلم أن يتوضأ به وأن يغتسل منه .[/color] [color=navy] لو وضعت احبر في هذا الماء واختلف لون الماء أو أتيت بشاي ووضعته في الماء أصبح اسمه شاي أو وضعت ماء الورد فهذا طاهر في نفسه لا يصح أن[/color] [color=navy]نتوضأ منه فهو غير مطهر للغير .[/color] [color=red]الماء النجس:[/color] [color=navy]هو الذي تغير أحد أوصافه بنجاسة .[/color] [color=navy] وهذه الأوصاف هي: اللون، والطعم، والرائحة، فإذا تغير اللون والطعم والرائحة فهو نجس، فهو غير طاهر في نفسه، ولا يطهر غيره بالتحلية .[/color] [/size][size=5] [color=navy]بعض العلماء ومنهم شيخ الإسلام ابن تيمية -رحمه الله- يرون أن الماء على قسمين فقط: الطهور، والنجس، ولا يعتبرون الطاهر، لماذا؟[/color] [/size][size=5] [color=navy]يقولون: لأنه خرج عن كونه اسم ماء واصبح مسمى اخر[/color] [color=navy]لكن المصنف -رحمه الله- صار في هذا الكتاب على هذا التصنيف وأدخل بعض من الأحكام في أحكام الطاهر الذي هو طاهر في نفسه غير مطهر لغيره.[/color] [font=times new roman][font=traditional arabic][color=navy]قال:[/color] [color=red]خُلق الماء طهورًا يُطَهِّرُ من الأحداث والنَّجاسات[/color][/font][/font] [/size][/font][size=5][font=times new roman] [/font] [color=navy][color=red]الأحداث[/color] : جمع حدث، وهي صفة .[/color] [color=navy]وبعضهم يقول: معنى يقوم بالبدن يمنع من اتصف بها من الصلاة وما تشترط له الطهارة فالحدث أمر معنوي لا تراه يعني فلان انتقض وضوؤه لا يتبين، فهو أمر معنوي، فقالوا الحدث هو معنى يقوم بالحدث يمنع من الصلاة وما تشترط له الطهارة .[/color] [color=navy] [color=red]والحدث على نوعين:[/color] إما أن يكون حدث أكبر وإما أن يكون أصغر .[/color] [color=navy][color=red]1 - الحدث الأكبر[/color] كالحدث الذي يكون بسبب الجنابة أو الحيض أو النفاس أو نحوها، فهذه يشترط لها الغُسل .[/color] [color=navy] [color=red]2- الحدث الأصغر :[/color] مثل انتقاض الوضوء بالريح ونحو ذلك أو بالنوم فهذا يلزمه الوضوء وهي الطهارة الصغرى .[/color] [color=navy][font=traditional arabic]فالمؤلف -رحمه الله- يقول: الماء الطهور يطهر من الأحداث، فمن أراد أن يصلي أو أراد أن يغتسل فلابد له من ماء طهور،[/font][/color] [/size][/font][size=5][font=times new roman] [/font] [color=red]قال: والنَّجاسات : [/color][color=navy]النَّجاسات جمع نجاسة وهي كما يقول العلماء -رحمهم الله: عين مستقذرة شرعًا يمنع المصلي من الصلاة حال وجودها على جسده أو بدنه على جسده أو ثوبه أو مكان الصلاة.[/color] [color=navy]فالأحداث والنَّجاسات لابد لها من ماء طهور حتى تطهر.[/color] [/size][font=times new roman] [size=5] [font=traditional arabic][color=navy]فلو وقعت نجاسة على الأرض فلا يطهرها إلا الماء و لو جاءت الريح وأزالت النَّجاسة وأثرها أو شخص بال في بقعة وأتت الشمس فأزالت أثر هذا البول .[/color][/font] [/size][font=traditional arabic] [size=5] [/size][font=times new roman] [/font] [size=5] [color=navy]فبناءً على كلام المصنف -رحمه الله- أنها لا تطهر لأن طهارة النَّجاسة يشترط لها الماء .[/color] [color=navy]لكن الصحيح من أقوال أهل العلم -رحمهم الله- هو أن النَّجاسة إذا طهرت بغير الماء فإنها مقبولة لأن المقصود هو الطهارة وقد حصلت بالماء أو حصلت بغيره [color=red]وهذا رأي الإمام أبو حنيفة -رحمه الله- وهو اختيار شيخ الإسلام ابن تيمية -[/color]رحمه الله تعالى رحمة واسعة.[/color] [/size][font=times new roman] [font=traditional arabic] [size=5] [/size][color=darkgreen][size=5]فلا تحصل الطهارة بمائع غيره : [color=#000000][color=red]هذا الكلام من المصنف -رحمه الله تعالى- أيضًا مبني على ما سبق يقول:[/color] [/color][color=navy]الطهارة من الأحداث والطهارة من النَّجاسات لا تحصل بمائع غيره وهذا الكلام ذكرنا أن الطهارة من الأحداث لابد لها من الماء الطهور، لكن الطهارة من النَّجاسات إذا زالت عين النَّجاسة بالشمس أو بالريح أو نحو ذلك فإنها تطهر، وهنا قوله -رحمه الله- فلا تحصل الطهارة بمائع غيره، هنا خلاف للحنفية أنهم يقولون: أنه يجوز التطهير بنبيذ التمر، واستدلوا على هذا بحديث ضعيف، رده العلماء -رحمهم الله تعالى- فلا تحصل الطهارة إلا بالماء الطهور.[/color] [/size][size=5][font=times new roman][color=navy] [/color][/font] [color=navy][color=red]{[/color][color=red]فإذا بلغ الماء قلتين أو كان جاريًا لم ينجسه شيء}.[/color][/color] [/size][size=5][font=times new roman][color=navy] [/color][/font] [color=darkgreen]هذه مسألة كبيرة، وهي من المسائل التي للعلماء -رحمهم الله تعالى- فيها كلام كثير وعظيم.[/color] [/size][size=5][font=times new roman][color=navy] [/color][/font] [color=navy][color=red]أول هذه المسائل: قوله فإذا بلغ الماء قلتين : [/color] وقد جاء في الحديث عن النبي -صلى الله عليه وسلم- أنه قال: [color=teal]«إذا كان الماء قلتين لم يحمل الخبث»[/color]، وهذا حديث رواه ابن عمر -رضي الله عنهما- وقد تحدَّث الإمام ابن القيم -رحمه الله- عن هذا الحديث كلامًا كبيرًا والعلماء بين مصحح لهذا الحديث ومضعف وهذا الحديث رواه الخمسة، وصححه الشيخ الألباني -رحمه الله تعالى-، فهذا الحديث صحيح، والنبي -صلى الله عليه وسلم- في هذا الحديث قال: [color=teal]«إذا بلغ الماء قلتين أو كان جاريًا لم ينجسه شيء».[/color][/color] [/size][size=5][font=times new roman][color=navy] [/color][/font] [/size][size=5][font=times new roman][color=navy] [/color][/font] [color=navy]الماء إذا بلغ قلتين : القلتان قربها العلماء قالوا: هي ما يساوي خمس قرب من القرب الكبيرة، فالقلة قربتين ونصف، فخمس قرب هي قلتان، إذا بلغ الماء خمس قرب فهو قلتان فهو ماء كثير وبعض العلماء المعاصرين يقولوا: هو بالميزان الحالي هو مائة وثماني وخمسين لتر فيقول: إذا بلغ الماء مائة وثماني وخمسين لتر فيكون هذا قد بلغ القلتين.[/color] [/size][size=5][font=times new roman][color=navy] [/color][/font] [color=navy][color=red]المسألة على أقسام :[/color] الماء إما أن يكون كثيرًا وإما أن يكون قليلاً .[/color] [color=navy] إذا كان كثيرًا وهو الذي بلغ القلتين فأكثر قالوا: إذا خالطته النَّجاسة -وقعت فيه نجاسة- فلا ينجس إلا إذا تغير لونه أو طعمه أو ريحه عندنا ماء كثير، ووقعت فيه نجاسة فإن غيرت لونه أو طعمه أو ريحه فإنه يكون نجس، وإذا لم يتغير فيكون طاهر.[/color] [/size][font=times new roman][color=navy][size=5][color=#000000] [/color] [font=traditional arabic][color=navy]الماء القليل يقول: إذا وقعت فيه النَّجاسة لا ننظر إلى التغير بمجرد وقوع النَّجاسة يكون نجس .[/color][/font] [font=traditional arabic][color=navy] الماء في المذهب يقول: إذا كان الماء كثيرًا إذا بلغ الماء قلتين وتغير لونه أو طعمه أو ريحه بالنَّجاسة التي وقعت فيه فيكون نجس وإذا لم يتغير فيكون طاهر، إذا كان الماء قليل فلا ينظرون إلى التغير فإنه يكون نجس بمجرد وقوع النَّجاسة وملاقاة النَّجاسة فيه.[/color][/font] [/size][size=5][color=#000000] [/color] [font=traditional arabic][color=#000000][color=navy][color=red]العلماء الحنابلة وكذلك الشافعية يرون هذا الرأي[/color] أن الماء إذا كان قليلاً ووقعت فيه النَّجاسة فإنه ينجس .[/color][/color][/font] [font=traditional arabic][color=#000000][color=navy][color=red] بخلاف القول الصحيح:[/color] أن الماء الأصل فيه الطهارة فلا نحكم على الماء بأنه نجس إلا إذا تغير لونه أو طعمه أو ريحه حتى لو كان الماء قليل،لابد أن يتغير لونه أو طعمه أو ريحه بنجاسة حتى نحكم عليه بأنه نجس .[/color][/color][/font] [/size][size=5][color=#000000] [/color] [font=traditional arabic][color=#000000][color=navy]الدليل أن الأصل في المياه الطهارة[/color]، [color=navy]وأيضًا النبي -صلى الله عليه وسلم- قال[/color]: [/color][color=green]«إن الماء طهور لا ينجسه بشيء»[/color][color=#000000].[/color][/font] [/size][size=5][color=#000000] [/color] [font=traditional arabic][color=#000000][color=darkgreen]قال: أو كان جاريًا :[/color] [color=navy]يقول العلماء الماء إما أن يكون جاريًا وإما أن يكون راكدًا وإما أن يكون دائمًا .[/color][/color][/font] [font=traditional arabic][color=navy][font=traditional arabic]الماء الجاري هو ماء النهر الذي يجري، والراكد هو ماء البرك والمستنقعات .[/font][/color][/font] [font=traditional arabic][color=navy][font=traditional arabic] والدائم [color=navy]هو الذي له منبع، هو دائم يقر مكانه لكن له منبع مثل البئر ونحو ذلك، .[/color][/font][/color][/font] [/size][font=traditional arabic][color=#000000] [size=5] [/size][font=traditional arabic] [size=5] [/size][font=traditional arabic][size=5][font=times new roman] [/font] [color=navy][color=red]فالمصنف -رحمه الله تعالى- يقول: الماء الجاري وإن كان قليلاً فإنه لا ينجس إلا بالتغير :[/color] وهذا هو الراجح لأن الأصل هو التغير سواء كان قلتين أو كان جاريًا أو نحو ذلك، فإذا لم يتغير فيُحكم له بالأصل وهو الطهارة وهذا اختيار شيخ الإسلام ابن تيمية -رحمه الله تعالى.[/color] [/size][color=#000080][size=5][font=times new roman][color=#000000] [/color][/font] [color=#000000][color=navy]وهذا بخلاف من قاس الجاري على الدائم، النبي -صلى الله عليه وسلم- قال:[/color] [/color][color=green]«لا يبولن أحدكم في الماء الدائم الذي لا يجري ثم يغتسل فيه»[/color][color=#000000]، [color=navy]لأنه ينجس، النبي -صلى الله عليه وسلم- حينما قال:[/color] [/color][color=green]«لا يبولن أحدكم في الماء الدائم الذي لا يجري ثم يغتسل فيه»[/color][color=#000000] [color=navy]قالوا لأنه إذا بال فإنه ينجس بمجرد ملاقاة النَّجاسة، والصحيح ليس هذا المقصود، المقصود أنه كيف للإنسان أن يبول في مكان ثم يغتسل فيه وهذا أُخذ به المفهوم.[/color][/color] [/size][size=5][font=times new roman][color=#000000] [font=traditional arabic][color=navy]إذا الأصل أن المياه سواءً كان قلتين أو أقل أو أكثر أو كانت جارية أو كانت دائمة أو كانت راكدة لا تكون نجسة إلا بتغير أحد أوصافها الثلاثة التي ذكرها المصنف -رحمه الله تعالى- بقوله: إلا ما غير لونه، أو طعمه، أو ريحه.[/color][/font] [font=traditional arabic][color=navy]قال: وما سوى ذلك ينجس بمخالطة النَّجاسة، يعني إذا كان الماء أقل من قلتين، فإنه ينجس بمخالطة النَّجاسة، وهذا القول مرجوح، و الصحيح أن الماء يبقى على أصل خلقته وأنه طهور إلا إذا تغيرت إحدى أوصافه.[/color] [/font] [font=traditional arabic]{والقلتان ما قارب مائة وثمانية أرطال بالدمشقي}.[/font] [font=traditional arabic]طبعًا هذه قضية مهمة، قضية التحديد في الشريعة، العلماء -رحمهم الله- يحددون بالشيء الموجود في زمانهم، فكان في زمانهم أن القلتان ما يقارب مائة وثمانية أرطال بالدمشقي، وهي نوع من الأمور التي كانوا يكيلون بها.[/font] [/color][/font] [/size][/color] [size=5] [/size][size=5][font=times new roman] [/font] [/size][/font] [size=5] [/size][/font] [size=5] [/size][/color][/font][/color][/font][/color] [size=5] [/size][size=5][color=#000000] [/color] [/size][color=#000000][size=5] [/size][font=traditional arabic] [/font] [size=5] [/size][/color] [size=5] [/size][/font][/font][/font][/font][/font][/color][/font][/color][/font][/color][/font] [size=5] [/size] [size=5] [/size][color=#000000][font=traditional arabic][font=traditional arabic] [/font][/font][/color] [size=5][font=times new roman][color=#000000] [/color][/font] [/size] [font=traditional 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الإسم
التحقق
اكتب معهد الماهر
رد
الرئيسية
المنتديات
إعلانات المعهد والحلقات
منتدى الدورات الخاصة بالشيخة الفاضلة: أم حذيفة ـ حفظها الله عز وجل ـ
المنتدى العام
كتاب الطهارة من ( عمد ة الفقه)